How Riluzole Is A Derivative Of Benzothiazole Essay

2.11.1 Structure: riluzole is a derivative of benzothiazole (Hofmann, 1879), a bicyclic ring compound which comprises a benzene ring fused with five membered ring containing one sulfur and one nitrogen atom. It has the molecular formula C8HÂ ¬F3N2OS with a molecular weight of 234.20. 2.11.2 Properties: Riluzole is white to slight yellow powder soluble in dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide and methanol, freely soluble in dichloromethane, sparingly soluble in 0.1 N HCl and very slightly soluble in water and 0.1 N NaOH. Riluzole is available as a capsule-shaped, white, film-coated tablet for oral administration. Each tablet contains 50 mg of riluzole. It is marketed by Sanofi-Aventis with the brand name Rilutek. 2.11.3 Side-effects or damaging effects Riluzole is a very good neuroprotective drug, but it has some side-effects associated with it that includes nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, asthenia, somnolence, vertigo, circumoral paresthesia, abdominal pain and dizziness (Siniscalchi, 1997). Remy et al has reported cases of two patients who have developed acute hepatitis (hepatocellular damage with inflammatory infiltration and microvesicular steatosis without fibrosis) after taking riluzole at the recommended dose (100 mg daily) for 7 and 4 weeks, respectively. In both cases, liver histology showed liver enzymes returned to normal 4 and 8 weeks, respectively, after riluzole withdrawal (Remy, 1999). 2.11.4 Mechanism of actions Riluzole has emerged as a potent

Analysis Of Shakespeares Richard IIi - 1865 Words

The Roles of Women in Richard III Shakespeare’s plays often share some of the same themes: greed, guilt, good and evil, unrequited or forbidden love. Perhaps the most overlooked theme is the plight of women in the time of Shakespeare. In a notoriously patriarchal part of history, the role of women was taboo subject matter; however, Shakespeare had no qualms about commenting on the female condition in his works. In his play Richard III, Shakespeare very clearly details the ways in which women suffer and their options for handling it. The women in the play are some of the few characters left after power-hungry Richard slaughters everyone in his path to the crown, and Shakespeare ingeniously incorporates the powerlessness of women into this complicated power struggle. In his play Richard III, Shakespeare uses his female characters to convey Richard’s talent for manipulation, foreshadow the hardships of other characters, and, after they cultivate their desire for vengeance, uses them to ultimately strip Ric hard of the same abilities he possessed earlier in the play. Shakespeare is able to initially portray Richard’s skillful manipulation tactics through his interaction with Lady Anne in Act I, Scene ii, when he exploits her heightened emotions and machinates an agreement of marriage from her. In this scene, Lady Anne is in a funeral procession for her dead father-in-law; she is also, more importantly, wailing a lament for said dead father-in-law. She mourns him in an elevatedShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Richard IIi906 Words   |  4 Pagessituations, share similar problems and consequences. For example, Richard III, also known as The Tragedy of King Richard the Third and The Tragedy of Macbeth exemplify two kings that are willing to do anything to achieve ultimate power, the crown. It is Richard and Macbeth’s ambition that drives them to commit the murderous acts within the plays. Though different figures, each share a common goal and a similar defect. Both Macbeth and Richard suffer from deformity; Richardâ⠂¬â„¢s physical deformity and Macbeth’sRead MoreTaming Of The Shrew And Richard IIi Essay1437 Words   |  6 PagesOED as someone who â€Å"dissembles; one who conceals his real purposes under a false appearance; one who practises duplicity; a deceiver; a hypocrite.† As such, the art of dissembling is a prominent concept in many of Shakespeare’s plays, particularly in Taming of the Shrew and Richard III. In these plays, the art of dissembling plays a pivotal part in the characters of each play; albeit, their execution varies from each other. Foremost, in Taming of the Shrew, whilst most of the characters are arguablyRead MoreHistorical Accuracy Of Henry Iv Plays By Shakespeare1219 Words   |  5 PagesHistorical Accuracy in Henry IV Plays by Shakespeare Research shows that Shakespeare’s historical plays do not offer good sources for accurate rendering of historical events. The details of place of issues such as place, time, and personality are all subject to a great deal of artistic license just as most of modern Hollywood movies about the past. However, to some extent, Shakespeare did research his materials. Close analysis of his famous works and plays indicate that Henry IV draws upon a surprisingRead MorePerfect Idealism In Shakespeares Hamlet1631 Words   |  7 Pagesby viewing him. The play just depicts the many uncertainties in our lives that sometimes make us fail to act appropriately like the case of Hamlet. 2. Mosley, Joseph Scott. The Dilemma of Shakespearean Sonship: An Analysis of Paternal Models of Authority and Filial Duty in Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Diss. 2017. Similarly, this article discusses the theme of the complexity of action. This play depicts of how at times the decision to act is usually influenced not only by coherent considerations, like theRead MoreCultural and Ethnic Studies682 Words   |  3 PagesArea Situationer J. Presentation and Analysis of Data 16. Socio-economic Demographic Profile of Mothers 17. Information Regarding Current (Youngest) Infant 18. Current Infant Feeding Practices of Mothers a. Exclusive Breastfeeding b. Mixed Feeding c. Formula Feeding 19. Previous Infant Feeding Practices 20. Maternal Knowledge 21. Correlation Tests III. Conclusion K. Concluding StatementRead MoreDescribing Stylistics as a Concept in English Studies Essay1054 Words   |  5 Pagesand describe the workings of texts which have already been selected as noteworthy on other grounds. Stylistic analysis in linguistics refers to the identification of patterns of usage in speech and writing. Analyses can appear objective, detailed and technical, even requiring computer assistance, but some caution is needed. Stylistic analysis in literary studies is usually made for the purpose of commenting on quality and meaning in a text. Linguistics is currentlyRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s A Chance Essay1977 Words   |  8 Pagesof use while the definitions of other words have changed altogether. Many individuals are often frustrated when attempting to interpret the riddles of Shakespearean wordplay. Often, readers will give up before having truly given the beauty of Shakespeare’s writings a chance. Fortunately, the miracles of modern technology—list the ones you will discuss between these dashes-- lend to students of Shakespeare the ability not only to grasp, interpret, and understand the written words, but this technologyRead MoreDelhi Metro1656 Words   |  7 Pagesbecause he lacks the skills necessary to rule without being a tyrant. His response to every problem is violence and murder. Unlike Shakespeare’s great villains, such as Iago inOthello  and Richard III in  Richard III,  Macbeth is never comfortable in his role as a criminal. He is unable to bear the psychological consequences of his at rocities. Read an  in-depth analysis of Macbeth. Lady Macbeth  -   Macbeth’s wife, a deeply ambitious woman who lusts for power and position. Early in the play she seemsRead MoreThe Controversial Ending of King Lear by William Shakespeare Essays1580 Words   |  7 PagesCordelia not why she should die, but why she want to live?† To escape the implied horror this question poses regarding this century, demands perhaps an existential interpretation of the universe. Lear then holding Cordelia asking us to â€Å"Look there†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (V,iii,308) defines his own lucidity in a mad world where humanity preys upon itself. What brought Lear to such a moment in Act V? In the Wheel of Fire, Knight believes the universal apparatus in the Lear world to be humanlike. Humans thus chart theirRead More Locating Macbeth at the Thresholds of Time, Space and Spiritualism 2629 Words   |  11 Pages[It is] a realm, no doubt, where what is in question is the limits rather than the identity of a culture. (Foucault xi) By describing madness in this way, he demonstrates his understanding of madness as a cultural phenomenon, defined not by the analysis of a subject’s symptoms, but rather the shared assumption that a subject is not ‘right’, does not conform to the prevailing ideological norm. Written in the late twentieth century, his work is a treatise about the wider cultural effects produced

Is Abortion A Fetus - 945 Words

In our world there are many controversial topics. Now some of these topics are only a phase and last only a few months, if not just a few weeks. However, one topic that seems to be the controversy of the century is abortion. For this particular topic people are very opinionated and are not afraid to share exactly how they feel. There are two sides of the spectrum when talking about abortion. There is prolife or prochoice. Prolife are those who believe that a fetus should not be aborted. While prochoice are those who feel that it is the mother’s right to choose to birth the fetus or not. No one ever really stops to think what would the fetus want. Some people would not even consider this a viable option. This is because there are some who believe a fetus, unborn child, should not have rights. Then there are those who believe that a fetus should and does have rights. While both sides may have strong feelings towards their beliefs nothing can be accounted for without proper resea rch into the rights that a fetus currently has, the fetuses development and senses and the rights that should be available to them. When considering a fetus’s life the mother is always the one making the decisions. She gets to choose whether or not this fetus will live or die. However, just because the fetus isn’t born yet doesn’t mean that it doesn’t have hands, feet, arms, legs and all the other parts that humans have. This leaves us with the question, what about the fetus? Does the fetus haveShow MoreRelatedThe Abortion Of The Fetus1864 Words   |  8 Pageseven if a fetus is a person, abortion is still permissible when one’s risk in health/stability/happiness is threatened. I believe that any woman, who houses the fetus inside her body for estimated nine months have the right and the choice to abortion when it is for one’s health, stability and happiness for both the mother and the unborn fetus. Thomson’s argument is entitled as â€Å"Defense to Abortionâ€Å". I agree to Thomson and her argument when it comes to aborting a fetus, even if a fetus is a personRead MoreAbortion Is The Destruction Of A Fetus998 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscuss my position on abortion, how it has changed, and how it compares to others’ more established positions. Before I can begin this, however, I must first discuss the terms that will be used and their definitions. For the purposes of this essay an abortion is the destruction of a fetus at any point in development. A fetus constitutes a fertilized egg. At the moment the egg and sperm converge, the product is entitled a fetus. Prior to this course, my opinion on abortion was firm, but underdevelopedRead MoreAbortion : Is Killing A Fetus?1319 Words   |  6 Pages24 November 2014 Abortion problem in Texas Did you know that out of the 50 states, Texas is ranked number 4 in total abortions performed according to AGI Data (Texas). Abortion is defined as â€Å"removal of the embryo or fetus from the uterus in order to end a pregnancy† (Dictionary.com). To end an innocent child’s life using rather horrific procedures is not only unethical for the doctor to execute, but morally wrong. There are lots of questions surrounding the topic of abortion and some of those include:Read MoreThe Morality Of The Abortion Of A Fetus1948 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: In this essay, the morality of the abortion of a fetus will be discussed in a drama involving a married couple named Deb and Derek (Smolkin, Bourgeois Findler, 2010).  For clarification purposes, we must first define the topic of this discussion; abortion is defined as the act in which a female voluntarily terminates her pregnancy where this act is legally permitted (Warren, 1973). Deb who is 16 weeks pregnant discovers that the fetus she is carrying will most likely be born mentallyRead MoreAbortion Is The Killing Of A Fetus927 Words   |  4 Pagesand she couldn’t get an abortion because they were illegal in the 1950s. Her mother drove her all the way to Mexico where anyone could get an abortion for a price. Illegal abortions are no the simple and safe vacuum abortions that are used in today’s society. No. First they use a large metal dilator to open up the cervix. Then they use a curette to scrap away the entire lining of her uterus with the sharp side. Can you imagine the pain she had to endure all because abortions were illegal? Well, todayRead MoreAbortion Is Terminating A Fetus Before The Baby1537 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is terminating a fetus before the baby is capable of living. Currently, there is a debate amongst the politicians to decide whether to continue or not to continue funding for abortion. The Federal Government should not still fund Planned Parenthood abortions, so the individuals can pay for it on their own. People don’t want their tax dollars to be spent on abortions not everyone is pro- choice nor a pro- life either. Tax dollars could be spent on other needs for our country. People don’tRead MoreAbortion Is The Choice Of The Woman Holding The Fetus Essay2553 Words   |  11 Pages Abortion is a subject that sparks great debate either for or against. With the country that we live in today, its moral standards are ever changing and its decisions are scrutinized. Abortions are becoming justified a nd should be the choice of the woman holding the fetus. This choice should be supported because government should not be involved in the choice of its individual people. Religion, and science will always cause friction when educating people on how a human life is or should be treatedRead MoreAbortion : An Illegal Act Of Killing A Fetus943 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion is one of many key issues that women are faced with in today’s world, to not have a child or conceiving a child through conception. What is abortion these days? To many, abortion is considered an illegal act of killing a fetus, while others believe abortion to be legal by law and punishable for it. It is unclear if the law will make its ruling to put a ban on abortion but it has come with its shared controversy. The first reason why abortion should be legal is the involvement due to churchesRead MoreIs Abortion The Complicated Act Of Removing A Fetus?2009 Words   |  9 PagesPeriod 8 Abortion Essay Abortion is the complicated act of removing a fetus from the womb of its mother before the full pregnancy has been completed. In the 13th century, women would be hung if they followed through with the act of abortion after six weeks of being pregnant, as it was considered homicide (Rich). Abortion between the fifteenth and eighteenth week was perceived as a capital offense well into the nineteenth century (Rich). Afterwards, abortion was denied to any womanRead MoreEssay on Abortion Disregards the Rights of the Unborn Fetus804 Words   |  4 PagesAbortion Disregards the Rights of the Unborn Fetus Abortion is one of the most controversial issue people are faced with. People stand strong for both sides. Will it be possible to ever reach a solution? Is it necessary to take away a women’s right to choose. At what stage of the fetus’s life can it be considered a person. [A husband and wife are married for some years have a stable income and have been trying to get pregnant, and finally after talking about a baby they decide they are ready

Standardized Testing And Achievement. - 1450 Words

Standardized Testing and Achievement On average, graduating high school students will have taken around 112 standardized tests between preschool and their senior year in high school according to a 2015 study by the council of the Great City Schools (Ayers). Students all over the U.S. are dealing with the increasing amount of standardized tests being given to them, and not reaping any of the benefits they claim to offer. Test related stress, misinterpretation of intelligence and decreased classroom hours are only a few of the many issues that arise with standardized testing. Unfortunately, standardized testing does not give a clear indication of a students improvement or lack there of, and should not be used in schools to measure†¦show more content†¦Thus the emphasis on standardized testing began. Standardized testing is meant to compare a student’s achievement or improvement level compared to other students in other schools across the U.S. It is also meant to ke ep teachers accountable for educating students using the standards given to them by the government, but that may not be all it is doing. (Klein) Everyone has dealt with stress before a test, but the test anxiety that students are developing, may be hurting their standardized test scores, and lowering their chances of improvement. A study done by the School Boards Association and the State Association of School Psychologists discovered that nearly three quarters of psychologists from the United State’s 700 school districts found that state mandated standardized tests are causing more anxiety than local exams (Spector). The conditions the children are being put through are ridiculous. Hours and hours of nonstop testing with only a few breaks would even stress out parents, let alone children. Not only do they feel pressure to pass the test, but also to do great, and it is not just their own minds burdening themselves with stress and worry. A recent survey showed that, â€Å"†¦nearly 90 percent of school psychologists who responded to the survey believed that teachers’ expectations contributed at least so mewhat to test anxiety. Eighty-eight percent said that parents’ expectations also contributed to students’

THE ROLE OF TRADITION IN PEOPLES LIVES Essay Example For Students

THE ROLE OF TRADITION IN PEOPLES LIVES Essay Different people have different views on tradition. Some people regardtradition as a phenomenon that plays an important role in their lives. Onthe other hand, there are those who do not see any significance role oftradition in life. In my point of view, I dont think tradition hassomething to offer in our lives. In this essay Im going to discuss boththe positive and the negative aspects of tradition. In a positive manner, tradition creates unity among people. In the reading,Music in Latin America, the Andean town of Paucartambo hosts the Fiestafestival for the towns patron saint, the Virgin Del Carmen. Here, peopleof different traditions unite in one little town to display their selectivetraditional dances. Another example is in the video: Samba Black music ofTwo Worlds. The People gathered and danced in the streets of their village,wearing unique and beautiful costumes. This clearly shows that tradition isthe way of unity among friends and relatives. Also, it glues them togetherwhich lead them to get to know and understand each other better. Secondly, tradition teaches people to always take care of one another. Inthe novel, Things Fall Apart by Achebe, during the time Okonkwo was inexile, Obierika (who was his best friend), sold his yams and kept the moneyfor him. This indicates that because of their tradition, the two peopletook care of each other. In addition, in the novel Things Fall Apart thecommunity helped each other during ceremonies and at the time Obierikasdaughter was getting married, the woman of the community helped with thecooking while the men were helping with the slaughtering of animals. Thisshows that the workload was lightened by the community getting together andall participating. Furthermore, tradition disciplines people according to their differenttraditional customs. In some cultures, if some body does something that isagainst the law of tradition, he or she will be fined or punished. Forexample, Okonkwo, from the novel Things Fall Apart was sentenced to go toexile for 7 years after killing a 16 year old boy. This was against thetraditional law. It was the way of disciplining him; they were teaching himhow to behave in a good manner. Another advantage of tradition is that it makes people respect theirculture and ancestry. Firstly, in a traditional way, men must be shownrespect by their wives and children, and this is being displayed in thenovel, Things Fall Apart. During ceremonies and gatherings men wererespected, they sat in the comfortable chairs while woman and children weresitting down. Secondly, in The way of tradition, respect is not only shownto men only, it is also shown to the gods. In the film Whale Rider, Koroshowed respect to his traditional custom when he denied Pai to get lessonson how to become a good leader or a chief. He showed respect to histraditional customs. If he had allowed Pai to get lessons it would showthat he does not respect his traditional rules, as girls were not allowedto become chiefs. Another scene is displayed when Okonkwo from the novelThings Fall Apart built a small house for his personal gods and givesacrifices to show respect. Lastly, in the reading Vedic Chant thetraditiona l groups Asia subcontinentrespectedandhonouredtheirancestors, spirits and deities by singing traditional songs. The aboveexamples clearly show that where there is tradition there is respect andwhere there is respect there is tradition. Although in some of theexamples, respect was shown to men only. I think this was oppressive aswomen were dominated by men. .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 , .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .postImageUrl , .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 , .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:hover , .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:visited , .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:active { border:0!important; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:active , .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67 .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u798c4e3933b6ced756b483989884ae67:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Homelessness In Our Nation EssayFinaly, tradition differentiates people of different cultures or ethnicgroups, and it gives them their identity. The way they behave, itrepresents their culture and tradition. For example, in a reading Trinidad,Calypso and Carnival, Calypso, music is being influenced by differentgenres of traditions. Bongo dancing was an African influenced dance, peoplemade a circle while others were singing and playing drums. This clearlyshowed their roots, it showed their African identity. Inaddition,traditional costumes in SAdifferentiatedifferenttraditionsandlanguages. In Xhosa tradition, boys who are coming from the initiationschool wear black scarves ( khetshemiya) on their heads, but in Shangaantradition they wear red scarves (swincekani) around their waists. Most ofthe boys who wear these kinds of traditional ceremonial clothes feel veryproud. Going to the initiation shows that they are real men. It is veryeasy to identify who is Xhosa and who is Shangaan. Tradition shows whereyou belong and therefore, it is a sort of identity. When we look at the negative aspects of tradition, it is more oppressive. In the Aga reading, in Voices of Forgotten Worlds, the youth seem to beannoyed by the huge traditional rules about not allowed to marry peopleoutside their village. Also they were not allowed to behave in anyway thatwas against their tradition, therefore they moved out of the village. Wecan even take a look in the way King Mswati of Swaziland operates in hiscountry. He does not allow young people to marry the girls under 18 yearswhile he does. This is not fair as he is not leading by example and heclaims that it is his tradition to do that. Another example is the novel,Things Fall Apart by Achebe, Okonkwo, intimidated his 1st born son, Nwonyeafter he was converted to be a Christian. He wanted him to retain histraditional way but Nwonye wanted nothing to do with tradition, because hisfathers tradition was oppressive to him. Likewise, tradition can be abusive. Most of the children and woman arebeing abused by man nowadays because of tradition. From the novel, ThingsFall Apart, Okonkwo abused his wives. He made them work in the field forthe entire day until sun-set but Because of the tradition they would notvoice their Complaints. In addition, he also added by beating them forminor reasons. For instance, he beats his second wife for cutting a bananaleaf after she wanted to wrap some fruits. This is an example of howabusive tradition can be. Tradition in some cases takes lives of people unnecessarily. In the videoSamba Black music of Brazil people gave sacrifices to their god of thesea by throwing their children in the sea with the belief that they werepleasing their gods, and would therefore prosper more. In conclusion, tradition has something to offer to different people in theworld. It teaches them discipline, just like Okonkwo who was punished tostay in exile for seven years after killing a boy. In the same way,tradition creates coherence among different kinds of people. For example,the Fiesta festival in Paucartambo glued people together. Tradition teachesrespect and it gives people their identity. However, I dont believe intradition as it oppresses people. For instance, Okonkwo oppressed his sonand wives by abusing them. Finally, tradition can create deaths and it canmake people to behave in a barbaric way. For example, in the film SambaBlack music of Brazil children was thrown in to the sea as sacrifices.

European Journal of Special Needs Education

Question: Understanding how health and social care services and system support individuals and intervention strategies that support individual with specific need? Answer: Introduction: Task 1 of this assignment discusses the concept of health, illness, disability of several individual within the setting of health and social care services. This assignment also discusses the changing perception of individual in accordance with different types of disability within the individual people. This section of this assignment has also discussed the social policy, legislation related to the individual demand within the health and social care services. Analyzing the concept of health, illness, disability and behavior within health and social care services: Health refers to the state of social, mental and physical well being of an individual person.[1] Health can be referred as the effective wellbeing of an individual in order to perform daily activities and duties or responsibilities of daily life and work of the individual. According to the definition of World Health Organization, health is a state of physical, mental and social well being without any disease or illness in the physical and mental state of the individual. [2] On the other hand, illness refers to the certain disorder of a person that often makes him/her physically as well as mentally impaired for long and short term of his/her life. An ill person becomes very much dependent to other persons while doing any work or taking any action. [3] As per the definitions of some popular dictionary, illness refers to a sudden unhealthy and specific condition of a person within his/her body or mind. The condition of illness often prevents s the body of a human being from the regular routine activity of the daily life. [4] According to the Disability Discrimination Act, disability refers to mental and physical impairment that has a substantial as well as negative impact on the day-to-day duties and responsibilities of a human being. On the other hand, disability can be referred as an umbrella term of impairments, limited activity, restrictive participation etc. Impairment can be referred as a problem within the structure and function of the body of a human being. Limited activity of a human being can be considered as a difficulty of an individual in order to perform a particular action or task. [5] On the other hand, the problem of participation restriction refers to the problem of involvement within a particular situation of life. Therefore, disability is a not a health problem it can be considered as a critical as well as complex phenomenon of life. [6]As a complex phenomenon, disability of a person reflects the interaction between the characteristics of the body of a human being or the characteristics of the society where he/she lives. A disable person needs interventions in order to reduce the barriers within the social and environmental context. [7] On the other hand, it can be stated that, disability can be a part of human condition of every human being of society. Every human being has faced issue at permanent and temporary basis in some point of his or her life. As an example, every person at the old age has to face difficulty and disability within the regular operation of his or her life. Non-disabled persons often take responsibility to provide care to the disable person. Every person have to face some moral and political and ethical issues in order to provide support and care to the disable person. [8] However, behavioral issues refer to the specific change within the behavior of the people for a certain cause. Behavioral issue often leads to some serious illness and mental illness as well as depression of the people within the normal setting of society and environment. People with different behavioral issue often have become quite and the normal people of the society are often withdrawing them. This type of people also has become very much aggressive and unsocial. Various types of antisocial elements have been increased within the mind of these people who often has been characterized with different behavioral issues. Therefore, the medical model of health and illness has given an outline of the concept of health and illness within the individual people. According to the medical model, it can be analyzed that people go to take medicine at the time of their illness or healthy disability not at the time of wellbeing of their health. Promotion of positive health is very effective as well as useful for developing the healthy wellbeing of the people within the society. Medical model of health and illness therefore focuses upon the pathological processes of uncover the particular problems of health and disability as well as illness of an individual human being. Assessing the process of change within the perception of specific disability of individuals: The health needs are similar within the disable and non-disable people of society like cancer screening, immunization, different tests etc. Disable persons also face some inequalities from the people of the society or the health and social care setting of the society. Within the early days, several disable people have experienced narrow margin of health because of social exclusion and poverty within the society. The disable people also have faced some inequalities in order to use healthcare from many setting of health and social care within the society. [9] They often have faced barriers in order to access the services of health and rehabilitation within much health and social care setting of different regions. There are many developing countries where the level of poverty and inequalities within society is very huge. Therefore, the disable people of this region have faced more dangerous situation in order to use primary as well as necessary clinical activity for their disability. Concept and perception of people are so rigid within this region. Most of the people are filled with superstitions activities regarding disability or other physical and mental illness within the developing countries of the world. [10] On the other hand, it can be stated that, now the perceptions of the people have changed within the society. Disable person have been continuously featured in media. Over the past different channels of media have projected few years many disable person. Media with generic attitude towards the disable person have projected Different sportsperson with disable activity. The report of World Health Organization has shown that approximately 15% people within 1 billion people are overcoming regular days with disability. In the case of United Kingdom, one people among 10 are lived with disability in health. [11] The report of World Health Organization has suggested that disable people within the society often face problem with poor health outcome, low achievement of education. They often face problem regarding huge level of dependency and restricted participation within different perspective of the society. Disable people also have faced issues of low employment rates. They often face less respect from the non-disable people or peer within the employer organization. Disable people often face problem regarding natural or normal life being within the society. The other non-disable person for the sake of society should stop discrimination and inequalities among the disable person. Disable person should be considered as a normal human being within the society. However, disability depends on the cultural, social, economical and historical elements within the society. However, the concept of disability has changed over the time within the society. Treatment of the people within the society has been changed by the development of the time and society. Within the changing phase of today the understanding as well as recognition of different changing nature of disability has become very essential and important in order to develop the changing understanding about the nature of disability among the people of the society. The people and society should focus upon the changing scenario of the disable people within the society. [12] However, the sorrowful image of disabled person has been replaced with the positive focus on equality like other physically able person of the society. The image of disable person is more pity and demands for care as well as dependable to the other able person of their family, friends and other person of the society. Therefore, this pathetic and sorrowful image of disable person has been replaced with a positive and more natural image within the society. An Olympic game has been organized for disable persons. Extensive levels of media coverage about the disable person also help to change the mind of normal people within the society. [13] However, the representation of disable person with various types of coverage of media has been helped to change the mind of the people and the political authority or the government of a particular country. Projections of disabled persons within different films have also helped to project positive impact upon the disable person also. The disable person has been motivated through these types of films. Several types of coverage, news, documentaries, and films have helped to generate positive thoughts and motivation within the person with disability. These elements have also helped to change the same negative thoughts of the other normal people to the disable person of the society. [14] Analyzing the impact of social policy, legislation, society and culture within the specific individual needs of the disable person of health and social care setting: Social role Valorization theory: The individual needs of a disabled person can be analyzed with a theory called Social Role Valorization theory. This theory has discussed the concept of management of human relationship and human service within the society. Major goal or objective of Social Role Valorization theory is to support various types of socially valued roles for the people within the society. Therefore, the relevancy of this theory is for the two types of people within the society. Socially devalued people and who has the tendency to be devalued within the society is being referred to this theory. The disable person can be involved in the socially devalued people according to this theory. This theory has been distinguished the image enhancement program within the socially devalued people of the organization. However, the process of image enhancement can be done within different levels of society; those are as follows: The individual Primary social system of the individual, like family, friends Social system within the intermediate level, like community, neighborhood etc Larger society of the individual, like different groups within society The level of action primarily enhances the image of the people and enhances the personal competencies of the individual person within the society. [15] Inclusion policies for disabled children: It can be stated that, inclusion refers to the provision of free atmosphere of the people with disability within the sector. Inclusion refers to different policies those have emphasized to the universal design of policy-oriented action to the disable person of the society. Inclusion deals with different policy oriented task for the improvement of disable persons within the society.[16] The Council for Disabled Children (CDC) has provided a national forum in order to discuss as well as develop wide variety of practices and policies for providing support to the disable children and young people within the society. CDC has published a policy on inclusion for developing the nature of disabled person within the society. Therefore, the mission statement of this council is to develop the rights of the disabled persons. It also speaks about the nature of people towards the disabled person within the society. The objective of this council is to enable different persons in order to contribute the abilities and potentiality within the disabled person. On the other hand, community care initiatives are most effective and important effort in order to enable as well as enhance more care within the disable person of the society. [17] Equality Law: NHS (National Health Service) of the United Kingdom has also given proper scenario for the equalities within all types of people within the society. This law is considered as the protection of discrimination in spite of disability within the society. Equality Law, 2010 has protected the people from any types of harassment or discrimination because the disability of the people within the society. [18 This task is a review document of understanding the necessity of services and system of individual care. Some intervention strategies have been reviewed in this section. This portion analyzes the appropriate recommendations for Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This disease mainly affects the children. Theories regarding risk management of this disorder and various types of strategies for securing this disorder of individuals have been properly reviewed in this task. Analyzing the necessity of care for Autism Spectrum Disability using the triad of impairments: Asperger syndrome is the most recognized syndrome of Autism disorder. This syndrome affects the brain of the individual and the communication process of the individual. Autism affected individual have average intelligence regarding other people of the society. These people have few speech problems while uttering words to others. [19] On the other hand, it can be stated that, people of asperger syndrome often face difficulties with different organizational skills and co ordination skills with other people. Autism affected individual also have affected by phobias and fears. Tendency of fear is very regular within the daily life of these children. Autism affected individual face difficulties within three main areas of their lives; those are socialization, communication and inflexibility. [20] Communication is very important and essential for sustaining within the daily social life of an individual. Autism affected individual often faces issues in dealing with different person with different mode of communication. Autism affected individual does not understand the meaning of sign language. They often misunderstand the meaning of other people. The tone of voice of autism-affected people is also different from normal people. Therefore, other often misunderstands these persons within the society. Autism affected people also face problems in order to socialize with other in a social function or other type of social gatherings. [21] Analyzing two current systems for supporting the autism affected individual: There are different types of systems those can support the autism affected people within the society. Advocacy and TEACCH can be two important system of support that can be incorporated by people in order to provide support to the autism affected individual. Therefore, the form of advocacy helps to ensure the vulnerable people who can be able to safeguard their rights within the society. Advocate provides legal support to the needy people of the society through providing legal support to the individual. Symptoms of autism mainly prevent the communication of those individuals to other persons around them within the framework of the society. Autism is a developmental disease as the person grows the symptoms increase. Therefore, an advocate can help the autism-affected individual in order to express the thoughts of the individual. The advocate can also help to interpret the process of information regarding the rights of the affected individual. [22] On the other hand, it can be stated that, TEACCH can be one of the important system in order to support the autism affected individual. TEACCH means Treatment Education of Autism and related Communication Handicapped Children. The services of this association help to co-operate with different autism affected people. This service also helps to maintain an effective communication with this autism affected individual. Different types of Clinical services of TEACCH provides diagnostic evaluations, process of training and parent support groups, individual counseling, intervention groups etc. [23] TEACCH has developed different types of intervention approach for autism-affected people. Different types of teaching methods and communication methods are required for the autism-affected individual. Motivation can be the most important task for providing learning to the autism-affected individual. Different categories pictures, other types of illustrations those help the individuals in order to understand the actual or proper meaning of others within the same framework of society should teach an autistic child. Academic skills must be broken down in small segments. [24] Evaluating services for autism in my workplace and choice of therapies for supporting the individual: My workplace is Hackney Day Centre; it seeks to provide commitment to the individuals who are affected by autism spectrum disorder. This centre aims to support the individuals with person-centered approach. The program of this centre is to provide the process of skill building with various types of evidence based clinical practices and approaches for providing support to rectify the symptoms of autism. This centre seeks to provide person centered approach to every individual who is autism affected individual. Person centered approach means that every individual gets individual care in accordance with the necessity, demand and wishes. Person centered approach can be the best strategy to evaluate the communication and interaction problems of individual. The staffs of this center are very helpful. They always take care of every autistic patient with gentle care and co-operation. They try to maintain an effective framework of communication as per the requirements of the patients within the health care setting. This centre also seeks to provide special care for the children who are affected by the symptoms of autism. This centre takes many actions for bringing back the confidence of the patient. [25] In my school, there were different sessions for the autism-affected children. Children with autism could be able to attend special class of behavioral management. In the place of work of mine, I always have worked for the disable persons. I have found that, social interaction is the only solution in order to support the disabilities of autism-affected individual. Social interaction and effective communication are very essential to co ordinate with different autism-affected persons within the work place. [26] Explaining the approaches and interventions for supporting the individuals when necessary: However,self-help is the important and essential approach to overcome the symptoms of autism in certain level. Effective process of training and development can help to overcome the particular problems of Autistic patients. The users of training service can be helpful for overcoming the problem situation of autistic individual. A Mental Capacity Act can provide effective protection for the Autism affected individual. Mental Capacity Act 2005 provides the framework for protecting the people by providing effective decisions. Mental Capacity Act provides assessment to the people in order to take effective decisions on behalf of their mental illness or disabilities. Mental Capacity Act 2005 provides safeguard on behalf of the mental illness and mental impairments. Therefore it can be stated that, an effective multidisciplinary team can help the autistic patients in order to help the disable persons in order to make effective decisions regarding their mental illness and related elements. A multidisciplinary team can be very effective for taking proper decisions regarding a major operation of an autistic patient. The autistic patient cannot be able to take their own decisions as because they have no capacity to make their own choice. Therefore, multidisciplinary team can co-operate and co ordinate with the autistic patient to be able to take effective choice for their clinical operation. [27] On the other hand, it can be stated that, there are different types of bio medical treatments those can help to secure the autistic patients. Bio medical do not always refers to the process of intervention to the patients.[28] The term bio medical refers to the glutamine injections, chelating therapy and other types of bio medical treatments are associated with the process of treatment. However it can be stated that, speech and language therapy is also effective as well as important techniques for overcoming the problems of autistic patients. Autistic patients should get additional and special care of speech and language delivery of those autism-affected people. Source of communication problem should be overcome by the therapy of speech and language. Language therapy also helps to promote effective techniques of speech and language for the autistic children. [29] The behavior of the autistic patients should also be enhanced by the speech and language therapy. Therefore, the speech development process should also enhance the behavioral problem of the child. This particular type of therapy of language and speech can increase enthusiasm among the children. Autistic children have the tendency to repeat a word for three times. Therefore, spoken and written language development is very required and essential for the development of health and mental condition of the autistic child. [30] Evaluating the process of biomedical, language and speech therapy: Speech and language therapy are very essential for developing the child with the symptoms of autism. Therefore, the treatments of autism should be done with the effective process of communication. Effective communication is very effective for dealing with autism and the patients of autism. Therefore, the bio medical treatments: like some medicine, proper diet is very essential for developing the behavior of the students. The effective process of interaction and communication should clarify the challenging behavior of the patients. [31] Discussing the impact of technological development in order to support autism affected individual: Technological development is one of the important phenomenons for developing the condition of autistic patients. Various types of technological improvements help the patients to develop the present condition of the patient. Therefore, the technological implication is very important as well as essential for developing the current state of the social and health are setting of different regions. [32]The mental condition of different people should also be changed for doing pleasant behavior to the autistic patients. Medical technology refers to different developed equipments, procedure and some scientific methods. These improved methods of technology can help to evaluate the current state of autistic patients. [33] On the other hand, some other types of technological implications; like email, blog, social networking sites have affected upon the process of developing the work of autistic patients. Different types of communication method are necessary for the autistic patients. Doctors and nurses should learn new skills of communication and interaction with the autistic patients in accordance with the specific needs and demands of the autistic patients within the health and social care setting. [34] Describing the concept of challenging behavior: However, challenging behavior refers to an abnormal behavior that is against normal behavior of the psychological and social framework. Challenging behavior often refers to the behavior of intensity, physical safety, frequency or duration etc. People of challenging behavior often deny getting easy access of the normal framework of society and communal facilities. [35] On the other hand, it can be stated that, an autistic patient often behaves wrongly in accordance with the normal framework of behavior within a society. An autistic patient feels difficulty at the time of communication with other people around them. They have problems in order to utter some words with others. [36]They also face problems with hearing. They often have lacked from different words as they have lack of vocabulary. Communication problem is the most important problem among the autistic patients. This is the challenging behavior within the autistic patients. Analyzing the impact of challenging behavior within a health and social care organization: A health and social care organization needs to support the challenging behavior of autistic patients. The health care organization should provide enough support to the individual in order to behave with normal and regular characteristics. Health care organization should provide support to understand the difficulties of specific areas of different individual. [37]The staffs of the organization should provide effective support to the individual patient. The staffs should maintain effective co-operation and interaction with the patients. Behavioral issues of those patients should be concerned with gentle care and understanding. [38] Describing intervention strategists to deal with challenging behavior: In order to take effective intervention strategies an organization should take cognitive behavior therapy in order to deal with the patients of challenging behavior. This therapy can be done by addressing the process of action and the responses of the patients in accordance with the disease. Cognitive behavior therapy can be delivered through various types of ways. The ways include within the family, individual, group etc. Autistic children often have historical and emotional challenge within the behavioral implications of the child. Therefore, parents should know the process of protecting the child from various types of negative experiences of society. Effective communication plays an important and effective role in order to affect upon the behavioral problem of the autistic children. [39] Reference list Abbott, Lesley, Roy McConkey and Michael Dobbins, 'Key Players In Inclusion: Are We Meeting The Professional Needs Of Learning Support Assistants For Pupils With Complex Needs?' 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